Generation and characterization of motor neuron progenitors and motor neurons using metachromatic leukodystrophy-induced pluripotent stem cells

Elsevier
Molecular Genetics and Metabolism Reports
doi.org/10.1016/j.ymgmr.2022.100852Get rights and content

Highlights

We generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from two late-infantile MLD patient-derived skin fibroblasts.

We differentiated MLD phenotype specific motor neurons (MNs) under the culture condition.

We described the pathological observation of MLD patients derived motor neuron progenitors (MNPs).

We described the pathological characteristics of MNs derived from MLD patients derived MNPs.

Abstract

The pathological consequences leading to primary storage, autophagy impairment, impaired mitochondrial dynamics, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress on neural cell dysfunction and apoptosis in metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) have been poorly elucidated. In the present study, we generated 2 cell lines of patient-specific-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and modeled the progression of pathological events during the differentiation of iPSCs to motor neuron progenitors (MNPs) and mature motor neurons (MNs). The iPS cells were generated from two late-infantile MLD patient-derived skin fibroblasts using electroporation or the Sendai virus. Olig2+ MNPs were generated from both iPSC lines using a combination of small molecules in a chemically defined neural medium. Furthermore, the MNPs could be differentiated into mature MNs, which was confirmed by RT–PCR and MN markers, including SMI32 and ChAT. The population of MNs was approximately 50% under the culture conditions. Pathological observation of MLD patient-derived iPSCs revealed lysosomal accumulation and impaired autophagy. In addition, both MNPs and MNs derived from MLD-iPSCs showed increased lysosomal accumulation, dysfunctional autophagy, impaired mitophagy, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress or unfolded protein response (UPR) activation, and premature cellular death.

Keywords

Mitophagy

ER stress

Motor neuron progenitors

Motor neurons

Apoptosis

© 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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