Tag: biorender

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated nexilin deficiency interferes with cardiac contractile function in zebrafish in vivo

CRISPR/Cas9-induced homozygous knockout of nexn causes progressive cardiac dysfunction without affecting skeletal muscle function in zebrafish Several studies in different animal models and cardiomyopathy patients have shown that loss of NEXN is leading to DCM which is characterized by an impaired contractility of the heart6,10,12. Homozygous loss of NEXN mostly…

Continue Reading CRISPR/Cas9-mediated nexilin deficiency interferes with cardiac contractile function in zebrafish in vivo

Metagenome analyses identify human endogenous retrovirus-K113 (HML-2) subtype in glioblastoma. Reply

. 2023 Dec 15;133(24):e176406. doi: 10.1172/JCI176406. Affiliations Expand Affiliations 1 Miller School of Medicine, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA. 2 National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. Item in Clipboard Vaidya Govindarajan et al. J Clin Invest. 2023. Show details Display…

Continue Reading Metagenome analyses identify human endogenous retrovirus-K113 (HML-2) subtype in glioblastoma. Reply

Beyond the exome: utility of long-read whole genome sequencing in exome-negative autosomal recessive diseases | Genome Medicine

Our cohort comprises 34 families in which a presumably autosomal recessive disease defied molecular diagnosis by clinical exome sequencing (short-read sequencing-based) and reanalysis performed on the index individual for each family (Fig. 1). The index patient in each family was subjected to an average of 10 × depth lrWGS except for Family F8602…

Continue Reading Beyond the exome: utility of long-read whole genome sequencing in exome-negative autosomal recessive diseases | Genome Medicine

Comprehensive Review of Small Interfering RNAs (siRNAs)

Introduction Cancer, also called malignancy, is a group of diseases caused by the rapid multiplication and spread of malignant cells.1,2 According to statistics from the National Cancer Center, more than 100 types of cancer have been identified.3 The ability of malignant tumor cells to metastasize via the blood-lymphatic system and…

Continue Reading Comprehensive Review of Small Interfering RNAs (siRNAs)

Generating high-quality plant and fish reference genomes from field-collected specimens by optimizing preservation

Sample collection A total of nine species of marine fish were collected across three different sampling days (September 7th, 9th, and 12th 2022) under IACUC Animal Use Protocol S12219 (Supplementary Data 1). Six species were collected using a speargun donated by a local fisher. Fish were transported back to shore, euthanized,…

Continue Reading Generating high-quality plant and fish reference genomes from field-collected specimens by optimizing preservation

Noncoding mutations cause super-enhancer retargeting resulting in protein synthesis dysregulation during B cell lymphoma progression

B cells undergo a series of programmed genomic alterations that enable the immunoglobulin light and heavy chain loci to generate high-affinity antibodies against invading pathogens. First, B cells undergo variability, diversity and joining (VDJ) recombination in the bone marrow with subsequent somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR) occurring…

Continue Reading Noncoding mutations cause super-enhancer retargeting resulting in protein synthesis dysregulation during B cell lymphoma progression

Common analysis of direct RNA sequencinG CUrrently leads to misidentification of m5C at GCU motifs

Introduction Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) direct RNA sequencing (Fig 1A) enables detection of RNA modifications. A modified base produces an altered electrical current and/or dwell time relative to a canonical base that can be detected with algorithms (Garalde et al, 2018; Smith et al, 2019; Workman et al, 2019). Figure…

Continue Reading Common analysis of direct RNA sequencinG CUrrently leads to misidentification of m5C at GCU motifs

Cellular senescence triggers intracellular acidification and lysosomal pH alkalinized via ATP6AP2 attenuation in breast cancer cells

Doxo and Abe promote cellular senescence accompanied by an altered profile of senescence-related genes in breast cancer cells Doxo and Abe were used to treat breast cancer cells (human triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and human luminal A subtype breast cancer cell line MCF-7) for 24 h, without a robust…

Continue Reading Cellular senescence triggers intracellular acidification and lysosomal pH alkalinized via ATP6AP2 attenuation in breast cancer cells

The effects of methylphenidate and atomoxetine on Drosophila brain at single-cell resolution and potential drug repurposing for ADHD treatment

Both MPH and ATX increase the locomotor activity of wild-type Drosophila To investigate the cell type-specific molecular mechanisms of ADHD drugs in the brain at single-cell resolution, we conducted behavioral experiments and scRNASEQ in wild-type (WT) adult male Drosophila melanogaster following exposure to MPH, ATX, and control treatment. Here, we…

Continue Reading The effects of methylphenidate and atomoxetine on Drosophila brain at single-cell resolution and potential drug repurposing for ADHD treatment

ncRNA | Free Full-Text | An Overview of the Immune Modulatory Properties of Long Non-Coding RNAs and Their Potential Use as Therapeutic Targets in Cancer

Non-Coding RNA 2023, 9(6), 70; doi.org/10.3390/ncrna9060070 (registering DOI) Non-Coding RNA 2023, 9(6), 70; doi.org/10.3390/ncrna9060070 (registering DOI) Received: 27 June 2023 / Revised: 25 October 2023 / Accepted: 8 November 2023 / Published: 11 November 2023 Round 1 Reviewer 1 Report Comments and Suggestions for Authors In the current manuscript, Moises et al….

Continue Reading ncRNA | Free Full-Text | An Overview of the Immune Modulatory Properties of Long Non-Coding RNAs and Their Potential Use as Therapeutic Targets in Cancer

Widespread and largely unknown prophage activity, diversity, and function in two genera of wheat phyllosphere bacteria

Isolation of phyllosphere isolates All bacterial strains were isolated in June 2021 from the flag leaves of four wheat cultivars (Sheriff, Heerup, Rembrandt and Kvium) grown in an experimental field in Høje Taastrup, near Copenhagen, Denmark. Wheat flag leaves were picked, pooled, and either washed or blended prior to dilution…

Continue Reading Widespread and largely unknown prophage activity, diversity, and function in two genera of wheat phyllosphere bacteria

Fasting-Mimicking Diet Drives Antitumor Immunity against Colorectal Cancer by Reducing IgA-Producing Cells | Cancer Research

Fasting-mimicking diet (FMD) is emerging as an effective dietary intervention with the potential to prolong life span in healthy people and boost antitumor immunity in patients with cancer. FMD refers to a medically designed fasting-like state that allows periodic consumption of a very-low-calorie and low-protein diet (1, 2). Compared with…

Continue Reading Fasting-Mimicking Diet Drives Antitumor Immunity against Colorectal Cancer by Reducing IgA-Producing Cells | Cancer Research

Synergistic effects of Azithromycin and DMXAA

Kanoktip Petcharat,1 Narongsuk Munkong,2 Rungthip Thongboontho,1 Widsanusan Chartarrayawadee,3 Arthid Thim-Uam1 1Division of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand; 2Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand; 3Division of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand Correspondence: Arthid Thim-Uam,…

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Resurgence of SARS-CoV-2 Delta after Omicron variant superinfection in an immunocompromised pediatric patient | Virology Journal

Patient history The patient was a school-aged child previously diagnosed with a neuroinflammatory condition initially treated with the IFN-γ blocking antibody emapalumab-Iszg and ongoing therapy with steroids and monthly etoposide. The patient had a history of varicella encephalitis and remained on suppressive valacyclovir therapy. In early January 2022, the child…

Continue Reading Resurgence of SARS-CoV-2 Delta after Omicron variant superinfection in an immunocompromised pediatric patient | Virology Journal

Study unveils a cortico-amygdala neural substrate supporting fear extinction via endocannabinoids

Zooming into fear and endocannabinoids in the brain. Credit: Ozge Gunduz-Cinar and Biorender. Endogenous cannabinoids, or endocannabinoids for short, are lipid-based neurotransmitters known to support various physiological processes. Recent studies have hinted at the role of these neurotransmitters in so-called fear extinction, the process through which fear towards a particular…

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A Review of the Role of Bioreactors for iPSCs-Based Tissue-Engineered Articular Cartilage

A PubMed search was performed under the search terms (Osteoarthritis AND Treatment) OR (Bioreactor AND Cartilage) OR (Bioreactor AND Tissue Engineering) OR (Cartilage AND iPSCs) and a combination of those terms, with results limited to the English language and published in the last ten years. Other articles used in this…

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Pathway-driven analysis of synthetic lethal interactions in cancer using perturbation screens

Introduction Cancer cells are characterized by unrestrained proliferation and dysregulated growth, which lead to the formation of malignant neoplasms (Hanahan & Weinberg, 2023). The development and progression of cancer have been linked to the dysregulation of multiple signaling pathways, including MAPK/ERK, Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, and NF-kB, which are among crucial pathways…

Continue Reading Pathway-driven analysis of synthetic lethal interactions in cancer using perturbation screens

The histone acetyl transferases CBP and p300 regulate stress response pathways in synovial fibroblasts at transcriptional and functional levels

Hypoxia, the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and subsequent oxidative stress in synovial tissues are key events in the pathogenesis of RA1. We provide here evidence that CBP and p300 are pivotal regulators of the adaptive response of SF that integrate the cell`s transcriptional and functional regulation of stress…

Continue Reading The histone acetyl transferases CBP and p300 regulate stress response pathways in synovial fibroblasts at transcriptional and functional levels

Targeted knockout of a conserved plant mitochondrial gene by genome editing

Plant material and growth conditions Nicotiana tabacum cultivar Petit Havana was used for all experiments. The TALEN design and the TALEN-expressing line Nt-JF1006-30 were described previously19. For plant growth under sterile conditions, surface-sterilized seeds were germinated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium52 consisting of premixed MS salts and modified vitamins…

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Selection and enrichment of microbial species with an increased lignocellulolytic phenotype from a native soil microbiome by activity-based probing

Soil incubation and cell extraction Approximately 3 kg of unmanaged marginal soil (pH 8) was collected from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory field site in Prosser, Washington (46° 15′ 04″ N and 119° 43′ 43″ W) [23], homogenized, sieved (4 mm mesh size), and stored at 4 °C until further processing. Probe specific…

Continue Reading Selection and enrichment of microbial species with an increased lignocellulolytic phenotype from a native soil microbiome by activity-based probing

TRIM25 targets p300 for degradation

Introduction Protein levels are regulated at several nodes. One mode of protein level regulation acts through enhancing or reducing gene transcription. Gene transcription can be stimulated by binding transcription factors to promoters or enhancers of target genes and by posttranslational modifications of transcription factors and histones. Such modifications can be…

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Ecophysiology and interactions of a taurine-respiring bacterium in the mouse gut

A taurine-respiring bacterium isolated from the murine gut represents a new genus of the family Desulfovibrionaceae Strain LT0009 was enriched from mouse cecum and colon using an anoxic, non-reducing, modified Desulfovibrio medium with L-lactate and pyruvate as electron donors (and carbon source) and taurine as the sulfite donor for sulfite…

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The impact of mutational clonality in predicting the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced urothelial cancer

Genomic analysis and cohort description We generated whole-exome sequencing (WES) and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) data from tumors and blood samples from 27 advanced urothelial cancer patients treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 ICIs at Hospital del Mar (Fig. 1a). WES data was obtained from the tumors before treatment as well as from blood samples,…

Continue Reading The impact of mutational clonality in predicting the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced urothelial cancer

Rapid DNA Sequencing Yields Timely Answers for Infant Epilepsy – Be part of the knowledge

Rapid GS workflow and summary of genetic diagnoses. (A) Rapid GS workflow and time intervals, created with BioRender.com. (B) Genetic diagnoses arranged by age at seizure onset. Each square represents an infant who received a genetic diagnosis. The affected gene or genomic region is denoted in the square. The infant…

Continue Reading Rapid DNA Sequencing Yields Timely Answers for Infant Epilepsy – Be part of the knowledge

Molecular control of endurance training adaptation in male mouse skeletal muscle

A surprisingly low number of genes define the trained muscle To study differences between untrained and endurance-trained muscles (in the present study, muscle always refers to quadriceps), mice were exercised by treadmill running on 5 d per week for 1 h. After 4 weeks, a significant improvement in running performance was observed (Extended…

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Brave new world of cfDNA-omics for early cancer detection

Early cancer detection still represents a mirage for most individuals with solid tumors, as effective and approved screening programs are available only for patients with breast, cervical, prostate, and colorectal cancers, as well as lung cancer in high-risk individuals. In addition to the limited set of diseases covered, adherence to…

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A self-supervised deep learning method for data-efficient training in genomics

Self-GenomeNet is an efficient self-supervised pre-training method, tailored for genomics Self-GenomeNet is a SSL method, where the network is trained without the need of labels on available sequential genome data. Then this network, particularly the trained weights of this network, can be used as the initial point of the model…

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Rapid DNA sequencing yields timely answers for infant epilepsy

Rapid GS workflow and summary of genetic diagnoses. (A) Rapid GS workflow and time intervals, created with BioRender.com. (B) Genetic diagnoses arranged by age at seizure onset. Each square represents an infant who received a genetic diagnosis. The affected gene or genomic region is denoted in the square. The infant…

Continue Reading Rapid DNA sequencing yields timely answers for infant epilepsy

TimeTalk uses single-cell RNA-seq datasets to decipher cell-cell communication during early embryo development

Curation of early-embryo development single-cell RNA-seq data sets for studying cell-cell communication To identify and study eLRs, we collected public early embryo development scRNA-seq datasets from the mouse MII-oocyte stage to the late blastocyst stage to ensure that scRNA-seq datasets represented every stage of early embryo development. In addition, to…

Continue Reading TimeTalk uses single-cell RNA-seq datasets to decipher cell-cell communication during early embryo development

Multiple organ functions of the yolk sac revealed by early human development map

Multiorgan functions of the human YS. We characterized functions of the developing human YS, combining scRNA-seq and CITE-seq with 2D and 3D imaging techniques. Our findings revealed YS contributions to metabolic and nutritional support and to early hematopoiesis. We characterized myeloid bias in early hematopoiesis, distinct myeloid differentiation trajectories, evolutionary…

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Using metagenomics to identify viruses in plasma samples

Overview of the study design. We conducted RT-qPCR on 670 plasma samples, followed by metagenomic sequencing of 593 of the samples, received from (i) individuals suspected to have Lassa Fever (LF; caused by Lassa virus, LASV), collected from teaching hospitals with clinical expertise in viral hemorrhagic fevers; (ii) suspected infectious…

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29 Biorender Alternatives 2023-Find Out Which One Suits You The Best!

Biorender is a popular site used by students, professionals, and hobbyists alike. It offers an easy way to create diagrams on the basis of given data or figures. However, there are some alternatives available that can provide similar functionality or even better application features than what biorender has to offer….

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Chemically programmed STING-activating nano-liposomal vesicles improve anticancer immunity

Rational design of STING-activating pro-drugs for liposomal formulation A recently discovered non-nucleotide STING agonist, MSA-2, was selected to test the validity of our drug design. To facilitate the liposomal formulation of MSA-2, four synthetic MSA-2 derivatives (compounds 1–4) were initially constructed via ester bonds using MP-typed alkanols of varying lengths…

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Multiparametric senescent cell phenotyping reveals targets of senolytic therapy in the aged murine skeleton

Development and validation of a senescence CyTOF antibody panel We constructed and validated a comprehensive CyTOF antibody panel to include markers for both cell identity and senescent phenotype (Table 1). A defining characteristic of senescent cells is expression of cell cycle inhibitors, in particular p16 or p2129, so we carefully validated…

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Potential new function of CRISPR-Cas system discovered

Illustration of the newly proposed functionality of CRISPR–Cas systems within Ca. Altiarchaea. a, Viral targeting: CRISPR–Cas system targets the genomes of MGEs that infect the cell (current state of knowledge). b, Targeting of episymbiont: CRISPR–Cas system targets the genome of the episymbiont Ca. Huberiarchaeum to defend against the parasite. c,…

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Mitochondrial DNA mutations in Medulloblastoma | Acta Neuropathologica Communications

Based on this case, we raised the question of whether there might be a connection between pathogenic mtDNA variants and MB occurrence or phenotype. We analysed mtDNA variants in MB, employing whole-genome sequencing data of 491 patients from the ICGC cohort and 57 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human G3/G4 MB tumour samples…

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Pan-cancer structurome reveals overrepresentation of beta sandwiches and underrepresentation of alpha helical domains

AlphaFold models significantly expanded structural space of over and underexpressed protein-coding genes in 21 cancer types Our non-redundant sets of over and underexpressed protein-coding genes for all cancer types include 5341 and 7320 genes, respectively. Figure 1A, B illustrates the availability of known 3D structures (PDB) and AlphaFold models (AF). For…

Continue Reading Pan-cancer structurome reveals overrepresentation of beta sandwiches and underrepresentation of alpha helical domains

Researchers develop novel approach for predicting resistance against cancer therapy

Multispectral microscopy with quantitative immunofluorescence is a state-of-the-art technology that can detect oncogenes simultaneously, allowing for the identification of bad co-expressing cells that can predict the survival outcome of cancer patients. Credit: Cancer Science Institute – image created with BioRender A team of researchers from the Cancer Science Institute of…

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Vasso’s Corner: mRNA, DNA, vector, protein, attenuated, inactivated vaccines: What’s the difference?

Since the COVID-19 pandemic we constantly hear mRNA-, viral vector-, DNA-, protein-, killed- and, live attenuated- based vaccines. What is the difference? They are just different types of vaccine formulations, all with the same end-result, to stimulate an immune response and protect against a specific disease. History of vaccines: The…

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Nanopore long-read next-generation sequencing for detection of mitochondrial DNA large-scale deletions

. 2023 Jun 29;14:1089956. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1089956. eCollection 2023. Affiliations Expand Affiliations 1 Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy. 2 Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Milan, Italy. Item in Clipboard Chiara Frascarelli et al. Front Genet. 2023. Show details Display…

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Noncoding variants alter GATA2 expression in rhombomere 4 motor neurons and cause dominant hereditary congenital facial paresis

Tandem duplications and noncoding SNVs at the HCFP1 locus We enrolled families and simplex cases with nonsyndromic congenital facial paresis (CFP, cohort 1 US-based study) and performed genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis and whole-exome sequencing (WES) in two large dominant pedigrees, family 1 (Fam1) and family 9 (Fam9; Fig. 1a)….

Continue Reading Noncoding variants alter GATA2 expression in rhombomere 4 motor neurons and cause dominant hereditary congenital facial paresis

European Patent Office Grants ONK Therapeutics’ Foundational Patent for CISH Knockout in NK Cells for Use in Cancer Therapies

ONK Therapeutics Ltd CISH gene knockout pathway in NK cells CISH gene knockout confers enhanced metabolic profile on NK cells, created with BioRender.com The European Patent Office (EPO) has granted WEHI a patent for CISH knockout (KO) in Natural Killer (NK) cells which is exclusively licensed to ONK Therapeutics for…

Continue Reading European Patent Office Grants ONK Therapeutics’ Foundational Patent for CISH Knockout in NK Cells for Use in Cancer Therapies

Researchers create new model of lung mesenchymal cells

In vitro differentiation of iPSCs toward the lung mesenchyme lineage through a mesodermal progenitor. a Schematic of the Tbx4 lung enhancer reporter/tracer (LER) line, and image of an E10 embryo (dox from E6.5 to E10). Scale bar = 0.5 mm. Created with BioRender.com. b Directed differentiation of iPSCs into lung mesenchyme through a…

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ENPP1 Immunobiology as a Therapeutic Target | Clinical Cancer Research

Figure 1. ATP–Ado extracellular metabolism and elicited signaling through adenosinergic receptors. A, Canonical and noncanonical extracellular receptors contributing to the hydrolysis of ATP and other metabolites. In the TME, two different yet partially overlapping pathways mediate the hydrolysis of ATP to adenosine (Ado). In the noncanonical pathway, Ado can be…

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Genome-wide association study of thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection in the Million Veteran Program

Common variants associated with TAAD We designed a two-phased GWAS. The initial MVP discovery analysis was composed of 8,626 individuals (7,050 European, 1,266 African and 310 Hispanic ancestry participants) with TAAD and 453,043 disease-free individuals from the same ancestral groups (Supplementary Fig. 1); their baseline characteristics are presented in Supplementary…

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Team identifies IL-17 protein as key factor in skin aging

Dermal cell characterization by 10X scRNA-seq. a, Workflow used to obtain dermal cells of adult and aged mouse back skin. Single-cell suspensions were enriched separately for EpCAM–CD45– and CD45+ cells by FACS. Transcriptomes of sorted single cells were then analyzed by 10X scRNA-seq. For CD45+ cells, n = 7 mice for the adult…

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Corrigendum: Crosstalk between cGAS-STING pathway and autophagy in cancer immunity

Published Erratum . 2023 May 19;14:1216456. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1216456. eCollection 2023. Affiliations Expand Affiliations 1 Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China. 2 Cancer Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China. 3 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai,…

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Altered Signaling and Desensitization Responses in PTH1R Mutants Associated with Eiken Syndrome

Plasma membrane expression of WT and mutant PTH1Rs The positions in the PTH1R of the three studied mutations of Eiken syndrome, E35K, Y134S and R485X, as well as the H223R mutation of JMC are shown in Fig. 1a and b. Cell surface expression of the receptors in transiently transfected HEK293-derived Gs22a…

Continue Reading Altered Signaling and Desensitization Responses in PTH1R Mutants Associated with Eiken Syndrome

Lipid nanoparticles-based therapy in liver metastasis

Key Points Liver metastasis, which is highly prevalent in advanced malignancies, was associated with poor prognosis. Contemporary therapies in liver metastasis were associated with the lack of metastatic-targeting ability, significant systemic toxicities and incapability of tumor microenvironment (TME) modulations. Lipid nanoparticles (LNP)-based strategies would overcome the deficiencies of conventional approaches…

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Gene expression in African Americans, Puerto Ricans and Mexican Americans reveals ancestry-specific patterns of genetic architecture

We analyzed data from a total of 2,733 participants from the GALA II16 and SAGE17 asthma case–control studies who self-identified as African American (AA; n = 757), Puerto Rican (PR; n = 893), Mexican American (MX; n = 784) or other Latino American (LA; n = 299) (Table 1 and Supplementary Table 1). The median age of the…

Continue Reading Gene expression in African Americans, Puerto Ricans and Mexican Americans reveals ancestry-specific patterns of genetic architecture

Detailed mapping of Bifidobacterium strain transmission from mother to infant via a dual culture-based and metagenomic approach

The infant and maternal gut microbiota are defined by different Bifidobacterium species The samples analysed in this study were collected during the MicrobeMom study (ISRCTN5302301420,21), these included samples from the maternal stool, vagina, oral cavity, and breast milk in addition to infant stool (Table 1; Fig. 1a). From the 160 participants recruited,…

Continue Reading Detailed mapping of Bifidobacterium strain transmission from mother to infant via a dual culture-based and metagenomic approach

You shed DNA everywhere you go, raising ethical questions about privacy

Human DNA can be sequenced from small amounts of water, sand and air in the environment to potentially extract identifiable information like genetic lineage, gender and health risks, according to our new research. Every cell of the body contains DNA. Because each person has a unique genetic code, DNA can…

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Unique insights into differences between primary and metastatic cancer by large-scale DNA data analyses

Inference of HLA-I tumor status with LILAC. a, Representation of the six immune escape pathways considered in the present study alongside their associated genes (adapted from ‘MHC class I and II pathways’, by BioRender.com). The genes considered for each immune escape pathway are depicted in gray. b, Left, workflow of…

Continue Reading Unique insights into differences between primary and metastatic cancer by large-scale DNA data analyses

Genetic immune escape landscape in primary and metastatic cancer

Inference of HLA-I tumor status with LILAC Inference of the correct HLA-I tumor status is fundamental to identifying GIE alterations (Fig. 1a), to estimate the neoepitope repertoire and burden and to predict the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors14,15 (ICIs). We have developed LILAC, a framework that performs HLA-I typing for…

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In-depth Temporal Transcriptome Profiling of Monkeypox and Host Cells using Nanopore Sequencing

Figure 1 shows the detailed workflow of the study. Fig. 1 General overview of the study. Briefly, MPXV was isolated from a skin lesion and then was used to infect CV-1 cells. After the designated infection times, total RNA was isolated and sequenced using direct cDNA sequencing protocol on ONT’s MinION platform….

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IJMS | Free Full-Text | Engineering Human Cells Expressing CRISPR/Cas9-Synergistic Activation Mediators for Recombinant Protein Production

1. Introduction Peptides are employed for a multitude of therapeutic approaches and can be obtained from the native organ or tissue in which they are produced as well as through recombinant methods where nucleic acids encoding a candidate gene(s) are delivered to and expressed in cells in vitro. As an…

Continue Reading IJMS | Free Full-Text | Engineering Human Cells Expressing CRISPR/Cas9-Synergistic Activation Mediators for Recombinant Protein Production

Cellular ‘cruise control’ system safeguards RNA levels in Rett syndrome nerve cells

Cis-acting elements in the 3ʹUTR are highly associated with half-life changes. a Random forest classifier for prediction of mRNA sequence features relevant for half-life fold-change in human NEURTT and in cortical brain samples of the mouse Mecp2 y/-. Percent accuracy (Y-axis) of half-life fold-change predictions in human NEURTT (b) from…

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Characterizing expression changes in noncoding RNAs during aging and heterochronic parabiosis across mouse tissues

Mapping of ncRNA expression across mouse organs We sequenced 771 tissue samples of the TMS cohort to map molecular shifts across the whole organism during healthy aging (Fig. 1a). The protocol enriches for small ncRNA, especially mature miRNAs. Even though full-length reads cover only small ncRNAs (miRNAs or piwi-interacting RNAs…

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Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 whole genome sequencing using tiled amplicon enrichment and bait hybridization

A total of 47 SARS-CoV-2 positive samples with real-time PCR Ct values ranging from 14 to 30 were sequenced with three different protocols for SARS-CoV-2 sequencing, involving enrichment by bait hybridization or tiled amplicons. A schematic overview including library preparation, target enrichment, and sequencing is shown in Fig. 1. All 47…

Continue Reading Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 whole genome sequencing using tiled amplicon enrichment and bait hybridization

Application of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing for abiotic stress management in crop plants

1 Introduction Abiotic stresses such as drought, heat, cold, salt, pesticides, metals and metalloids deteriorate agro-ecological conditions and hence, negatively impact upon agricultural production. The abiotic stress impairs with regular growth and development of plant plants, thus limiting their yield and quality of produce (Boyer, 1982; Pandey et al., 2017). Plants…

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Getting closer to modeling the gut-brain axis using induced pluripotent stem cells

Review . 2023 Mar 31;11:1146062. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1146062. eCollection 2023. Affiliations Expand Affiliation 1 Group of Brain Development and Disease, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Item in Clipboard Review Vanessa Hall et al. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2023. Show details…

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Minimal residual disease monitoring in NSCLC

Background Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) refers to fragments of DNA released into the circulation by endothelial cells and white blood cells by active release or passively through apoptosis and necrosis.1,2 The fraction of cfDNA that originates from tumor is known as circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). In 2016 the first commercial ctDNA…

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Educational theme | Tumor intrinsic resistance mechanisms to CAR T-cell therapy in lymphomas

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies have demonstrated significant efficacy in patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell malignancies following multiple lines of therapy, with various CAR T cell products now U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved for the treatment of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), mantle-cell…

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Isoform-specific knockdown of long and intermediate prolactin receptors interferes with evolution of B-cell neoplasms

Knockdown of LFPRLR reduces splenic B-cell subsets in SLE-prone mice To investigate whether the PRL-LFPRLR axis raises the risk of initiation of B-cell malignancies, we compared SLE-prone MRL-lpr mice treated with either control SMO or LFPRLR SMO. Among SLE-prone models, we chose MRL-lpr mice because they accumulate genetic lesions indicative…

Continue Reading Isoform-specific knockdown of long and intermediate prolactin receptors interferes with evolution of B-cell neoplasms

Crosstalk between cGAS-STING pathway and autophagy in cancer immunity

1 Introduction Cancer is one of the world’s most serious threats to human health, with high morbidity and mortality rates, and according to the latest global data, 9.96 million patients will die from cancer in 2020 (1). Cancer is a genetic abnormal disease triggered by a long-term combination of multiple…

Continue Reading Crosstalk between cGAS-STING pathway and autophagy in cancer immunity

Single guided RNA (sgRNA) | Editable Science Icons from BioRender

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Keywords single guide RNA,sgRNA,RNA,ribonucleic acid,nucleic acid,guide RNA,cas9,gRNA,crRNA,crisprRNA,trans-activating RNA,tracrrna Read more here: Source link

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SpCas9 sgRNA stem loop (medium with buldge)

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Nobel Prize Chemistry 2020

A tool for genome editing: CRISPR-Cas9 We had the honor of collaborating with the Doudna lab to create this CRISPR-Cas9 infographic to celebrate their 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. CRISPR-Cas9 is a tool for genome editing discovered by Dr. Jennifer Doudna and Dr. Emmanuelle Charpentier, who share the 2020 Nobel…

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Spectrum of germline and somatic mitochondrial DNA variants in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex

doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.917993. eCollection 2022. Krinio Giannikou  1   2 , Katie R Martin  3 , Ahmad G Abdel-Azim  1 , Kaila J Pamir  4 , Thomas R Hougard  4 , Shefali Bagwe  4 , Yan Tang  4 , Jeffrey P MacKeigan  3 , David J Kwiatkowski  1 , Elizabeth P Henske  4 , Hilaire C Lam  4 Affiliations Expand Affiliations…

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Switch them off or not: selective rRNA gene repression in grasses: Trends in Plant Science

Nucleolar dominance: 90 years ago to present A nucleolus (see Glossary) is formed in the vicinity of the chromosomal locus whose tandemly repeated 35-48S rDNA is transcribed (Figure 1) [ 1. Nucleolar dominance: uniparental gene silencing on a multi-megabase scale in genetic hybrids. , 2. Nucleolar dominance: a ‘David and…

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A path towards personalized medicine for autoinflammatory and related diseases

The human stories behind rare rheumatic diseases illustrate how genetic information can benefit patients. In 1988, a team of physicians met a patient with a unique disease of multiple organs, including the kidneys, liver, brain and eyes7. No immunosuppressive therapy was effective, and the patient and several of his family…

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Molecular characterization of human cytomegalovirus infection with single-cell transcriptomics

Ethics statement All fresh peripheral blood samples were obtained after approval of protocols by the Weizmann Institutional Review Board (IRB application 92-1) and following informed consent from the donors. The study using BAL fluid samples was approved by the Hadassah Medical Organization research ethics committee in accordance with the Declaration…

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The potential role of cfDNA-related innate immune responses in postoperative bone loss after alveolar bone grafting

Introduction Patients with alveolar bone cleft need alveolar bone grafting to restore a normal maxilla structure, and the grafting of autogenous bone like iliac bone is still the most common choice (1, 2). However, bone loss after the surgery happens a lot (3). Clinical studies demonstrated that the operation age…

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Dual roles of mTORC1-dependent activation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system in muscle proteostasis

Sustained skeletal muscle mTORC1 activity upregulates the ubiquitin proteasome system To understand the molecular mechanisms causing atrophy in muscles with high mTORC1 activation, we first analyzed the transcriptome of the fast-type extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle in 3-month-old TSCmKO mice6. A short-term (3 day) treatment with rapamycin was used to…

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Genomic signatures associated with maintenance of genome stability and venom turnover in two parasitoid wasps

Genomic features of two Anastatus wasps, A. japonicus and A. fulloi We employed PacBio high-fidelity (HiFi) long-read sequencing and Illumina short-read sequencing technologies to generate high-quality contigs for two Anastatus wasps, A. japonicus and A. fulloi (Supplementary Tables 1 and 2). These contigs were further scaffolded using Hi-C libraries to…

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Chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy for cancer: clinical applications and practical considerations

Joseph E Maakaron, assistant professor of medicine, Marie Hu, assistant professor of medicine, Najla El Jurdi, assistant professor of medicine University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, United States Correspondence to: maaka001{at}umn.edu Abstract Chimeric antigen receptor T cells have revolutionized the treatment of hematological malignancies during the past five years, boasting…

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Efficient genome editing in wild strains of mice using the i-GONAD method

Mice A laboratory strain B6 was purchased from CLEA Japan Inc. (Tokyo, Japan), while nine wild strains (BFM/2, BLG2, CHD, HMI, KJR, MSM, NJL, PGN2, and SWN) were bred at NIG (Shizuoka, Japan) (Table 1). All mice were maintained at the animal facility in NIG, under specific-pathogen-free conditions and controlled…

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A new approach produces a 90-fold increase in

Article Highlight | 15-Jun-2022 Researchers leverage viruses identified from worldwide environmental samples to expand knowledge of viral taxa and their role in tree microbiomes DOE/US Department of Energy image: Analysis of metatranscriptome samples with novel viral taxa in Populus. (Top) Graphical abstract of the pipeline. (Bottom) Percentage read classification with novel…

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Bio-informatic analysis of CRISPR protospacer adjacent motifs (PAMs) in T4 genome | BMC Genomic Data

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-Cas (CRISPR-Cas) defensive system is an acquired mechanism in prokaryotes which is analogous to RNAi in eukaryotes [1]. The CRISPR machinery is a complex immune strategy that is continually evolving in the bacterial genome to accommodate the rapid changes in the nucleic acids of…

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cfDNA-Based NGS IG Analysis in Lymphoma

Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is fragmented extracellular DNA, which is released from apoptotic and necrotic cells in small fragments of <200 bp [1]. cfDNA is typically isolated from the blood stream; however, it is also possible to detect cfDNA in other biological fluids such as urine or cerebrospinal fluid [2, 3,…

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Engineering and validation of a dual luciferase reporter system for quantitative and systematic assessment of regulatory sequences in Chinese hamster ovary cells

Experimental workflow and vector designs One way to validate the all-in-one reporter system is through transient or stable transfection of mammalian cells. Within this framework, the schematics in Fig. 1 illustrate the overall workflow of this study and feature the characteristics of promoters. To summarize, the study involves the engineering and…

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Type I Interferon Response Is Mediated by NLRX1-cGAS-STING Signaling in Brain Injury

doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.852243. eCollection 2022. Lauren E Fritsch  1 , Jing Ju  2 , Erwin Kristobal Gudenschwager Basso  3 , Eman Soliman  3 , Swagatika Paul  4 , Jiang Chen  2 , Alexandra M Kaloss  3 , Elizabeth A Kowalski  3 , Taylor C Tuhy  5 , Rachana Deven Somaiya  1 , Xia Wang  3 , Irving Coy Allen  3 , Michelle H…

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Development of Cas12a-Based Cell-Free Small-Molecule Biosensors via Allosteric Regulation of CRISPR Array Expression

In nature, microbes have evolved different systems to sense external stimuli. Synthetic biology approaches (1) repurpose these systems as biosensors to specifically and sensitively detect various targets of interest. Although various highly sensitive and specific laboratory-based analytical methods (including high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry) can detect small-molecule targets, they…

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Precision Control of Culture Conditions for Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

By Sally Temple The Nobel Prize–winning discovery that mature, specialized cells can be reprogrammed to lend them pluripotency (that is, the ability to develop into all tissues of the body) unleashed vast potential in the fields of disease modeling, drug screening, regenerative medicine, and wound healing. The reprogrammed cells are…

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CRISPR-Cas9 Mediated Exonic Disruption for HIV-1 Elimination

Abstract Background A barrier to HIV-1 cure rests in the persistence of proviral DNA in infected CD4+ leukocytes. The high HIV-1 mutation rate leads to viral diversity, immune evasion, and consequent antiretroviral drug resistance. While CRISPR-spCas9 can eliminate latent proviral DNA, its efficacy is limited by HIV strain diversity and…

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Shaping modern human skull through epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of the RUNX2 master bone gene

Study of RUNX2 locus in modern and ancient humans The sequences of the RUNX2 locus (Chr6:45,318,000–45,670,000 hg38, for a total of 352.000 bases) have been aligned in AMH and ancient species’ (Neandertal and Denisovan) genomes to map the changes occurred during recent evolution. We have identified 459 and 470 changes…

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Genetic Factors Affecting Precision Pain Medicine

Introduction The overarching definition of precision pain medicine is that diagnosis and treatment can be customized to an individual’s specific risk profile.1,2 At its most basic, the ideology is based on using all available patient-level data to target therapies for that individual with regard to prediction, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment…

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free online tools to build scientific figures/tables for journal/thesis

free online tools to build scientific figures/tables for journal/thesis 0 Dear All, What are some free and good online tools/websites to prepare scientific illustrations for publications/thesis and presentations ?I have heard of BioRender and google gives quite an extensive list. Thank you illustrations scientific figures • 31 views • link…

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