Tag: C57BL/6J

Introduction Interleukin (IL)-2 was the first Food and Drug Administration approved immunotherapy for use in patients with metastatic melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.1 2 However, the use of recombinant IL-2 (Proleukin/aldesleukin) has been problematic due to low response rates, off-target effects, and severe dose-dependent toxicities. Due to its potent T-cell…

Correa P, Houghton J. Carcinogenesis of Helicobacter pylori. Gastroenterology. 2007;133(2):659–72. Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar  Dube C, Tanih N, Ndip R. Helicobacter pylori in water sources: a global environmental health concern. Rev Environ Health. 2009;24(1):1–14. Article  CAS  Google Scholar  Stark RM, Gerwig GJ, Pitman RS, Potts LF, Williams NA, Greenman…

Screening strategy for identifying viral inhibitors of the cGAS/STING pathway Vaccinia virus is a large cytoplasmic DNA virus with a 190 kilobase pairs (kbp) genome that encodes over 200 proteins21,22. MVA has an approximately 30-kbp deletion from its parental vaccinia genome, resulting in the loss of many immune-modulatory viral genes15….

Study design The overall goal of this study was to explore the molecular mechanisms of remdesivir-related cardiotoxicity in anti-COVID-19 therapy. We first performed the GPCR screening using major anti-COVID-19 drugs as ligands (n = 3 per GPCR). We validated the results of GPCR screening by concentration-response analysis and determined the EC50 and…

Background The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is rapidly increasing worldwide, with an estimated global prevalence of approximately 552 million by 2030.1 Long-term hyperglycemia in T2D patients can lead to vascular endothelial damage, which includes microvascular disease such as diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy, neuropathy, and macrovascular disease including peripheral…

Ethics statement All experiments in this study comply with guidelines of the U.S. Public Health Service and were approved by the Institutional Biosafety Committee at the University of Pittsburgh. All animal husbandry and experimental procedures were conducted in accordance with U.S. Public Health Service policy and approved by the Institutional…

Introduction Hyperuricemia is a disease caused by irregular purine metabolism, which is always accompanied by excessive production or abnormal excretion of uric acid (UA).1 Most notably, the overall incidence of hyperuricemia in China has been increasing over the past decade with the westernization of eating habits.2,3 However, there are blind…

Recombinant protein expression and purification NanoLuc is the tradename of an engineered deep-sea shrimp luciferase variant developed by Promega Corporation36. Genes encoding fusion proteins were inserted into pET-21d(+) vectors between NcoI and XhoI sites. IDO-Gal3 genetic and protein sequences are provided in Supplementary Information. Plasmids confer ampicillin resistance and were…

Borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of Lyme disease, is a spirochete that modulates numerous host pathways to cause a chronic, multisystem inflammatory disease in humans. B. burgdorferi infection can lead to Lyme carditis, neurologic complications, and arthritis because of the ability of specific borrelial strains to disseminate, invade, and drive…

ABSTRACT Borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of Lyme disease, is a spirochete that modulates numerous host pathways to cause a chronic, multi-system inflammatory disease in humans. B. burgdorferi infection can lead to Lyme carditis, neurologic complications, and arthritis, due to the ability of specific borrelial strains to disseminate, invade, and…

Collins, A. J. et al. Excerpts from the United States Renal Data System 2004 annual data report: atlas of end-stage renal disease in the United States. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 45, A5–A7, S1–280 (2005). Article  Google Scholar  Ogurtsova, K. et al. IDF Diabetes Atlas: global estimates for the prevalence of…

The completion of the full “telomere-to-telomere” (T2T) human genome last year emphasized that genome sequences that were previously thought to be “complete” were not, in fact, complete at all.  Moreover, many recent genomes are sequenced with short-read sequencing technologies, which fragment DNA into short segments, typically 150-300 base pairs long,…

Plasmid construction The PVCpnf structural and accessory region (pvc1-16) and payload and regulatory region (Pdp1, Pnf and regulatory genes PAU_RS16570-RS24015) were synthesized de novo (GenScript) and cloned into pAWP78 and pBR322 backbones, respectively. All manipulations involving payload and regulatory plasmids (pPayload) involved standard PCR amplification with Phusion Flash 2x Master…

1. Introduction Fusarium fungi are world-wide producers of a range of mycotoxins. Deoxynivalenol (DON) belonging to the group B trichothecenes, is one of the most prevalent food-associated mycotoxins mainly produced by Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium culmorum, and frequently contaminates cereals and cereal products [1,2]. Almost half of a total of…

C. elegans strains All strains were cultured under standard conditions78 and were always incubated at 20 °C during the experiments. The strains used were N2 (Bristol; WT): DREAM: MT8839 lin-52(n771) III, MT10430 lin-35(n745) I, MT15107 lin-53(n3368) I/hT2 [bli-4(e937) let-?(q782) qIs48] (I;III), MT8879 dpl-1(n2994) II, MT11147 dpl-1(n3643) II, JJ1549 efl-1(se1) V, BJS634…

RevGel-seq sample preparation workflow Experiments were performed with the RevGel-seq protocol, capable of analyzing 10,000 input cells per sample with the specially designed gelation device (Fig. S3). The individual steps shown in Fig. 1A, from cell-barcoded bead coupling to library preparation for sequencing, are more fully described below: Cell labeling Cells…

Experimental animals and DOX treatment All animal experiments performed on live animals were approved by Fudan University’s Committee on the Ethics of Animal Experiments and adhered to relevant guidelines including the ARRIVE guidelines for animal experiments in the study. Adult male C57BL/6 mice (8–10 weeks old; 23–26 g; Department of Laboratory…

Motivation for developing a sparse RDB Computational approaches for discovering the etiologies of rare diseases typically depend on the analysis of a heterogeneous set of files, each of which can be very large and follow a distinct convention. Genotypes, for example, are ordinarily stored in VCFs containing data for one…

EpcamGt(M107C03)WrstGene trapped Allele Detail Symbol: EpcamGt(M107C03)Wrst Name: epithelial cell adhesion molecule; gene trap M107C03, German Gene Trap Consortium MGI ID: MGI:4351506 Gene: Epcam  Location: Chr17:87943407-87958555 bp, + strand  Genetic Position: Chr17, 57.87 cM Mutant Cell Line:  M107C03 Germline Transmission:  Unknown Parent Cell Line:  IDG3.2 (ES Cell) Strain of Origin:  (C57BL/6J x 129S6/SvEvTac)F1…

Mobraaten, L. E. Mouse embryo cryobanking. J. In Vitro Fert. Embryo Transf. 3, 28–32 (1986). Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar  Agca, Y. Genome resource banking of biomedically important laboratory animals. Theriogenology 78, 1653–1665 (2012). Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar  Benson, J. D., Woods, E. J., Walters, E. M. &…

Winkler, J., Suhr, S. T., Gage, F. H., Thal, L. J. & Fisher, L. J. Essential role of neocortical acetylcholine in spatial memory. Nature 375, 484–487. doi.org/10.1038/375484a0 (1995). Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar  Sarter, M. & Parikh, V. Choline transporters, cholinergic transmission and cognition. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 6, 48–56….

Purpose The clinical application of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) allows a high dose of radiation to be safely delivered to extracranial targets within the body; however, a high dose per fraction(hypofractionation) have opened up the radiation oncology field to new questions on a variety of dose-fractionation schedules, especially the immunomodulatory…

Melatonin supplementation has been shown to delay age-related hearing loss (ARHL) progression. Previously, melatonin was found to inhibit neuronal mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release, as well as inhibit cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling, thereby delaying the onset of central nervous system diseases. Therefore, we hypothesized that melatonin…

Isolation of pure populations of MuSCs and niche cells by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) Hindlimb muscles were dissected from young (4–6 weeks old) or aged (22–26 months old) C57BL/6J (Jackson Laboratory, 000664) mice and minced until no visible tissue chunks were visible. Muscle was then digested in a 15 ml Falcon…

Animals As female mice/rats resist to HFD-induced obesity and NAFLD, male mice/rats were used to induce obesity and NAFLD model by HFD50. Male Wistar (~180 g body weight; 8 weeks old) rats were purchased from Shandong Laboratory Animal Center with the permission number of SCXK 2014–0007 and raised under thermoneutral housing…

Strain Gene Model ID Feature Type Coordinates Select Strains C57BL/6J MGI_C57BL6J_2446220 protein coding gene Chr4:156331423-156342409 (-) 129S1/SvImJ MGP_129S1SvImJ_G0029254 protein coding gene Chr4:160619461-160628390 (-) A/J MGP_AJ_G0029219 protein coding gene Chr4:153853593-153863429 (-) AKR/J MGP_AKRJ_G0029167 protein coding gene Chr4:158046776-158056762 (-) BALB/cJ MGP_BALBcJ_G0029235 protein coding gene Chr4:154329846-154338966 (-) C3H/HeJ MGP_C3HHeJ_G0028956 protein coding gene Chr4:158622601-158632726…

Secondary use of biopsies as research specimens The ten melanoma samples used in this study were collected by Sanford Health and classified by a board-certified pathologist. Their secondary use as research specimens (fully de-identified formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks) was approved under Sanford Health IRB protocol 640 (titled ‘Understanding and improving…

Ethics statement All procedures involving laboratory mice were approved by the Duke University IACUC under the protocol numbers A189-18-08 and A142-21-07. Mice were housed with up to five mice per cage and the ambient room conditions ranged from 70–74 °F and 30–70% humidity with a 12-hour dark/light cycle. Animals were assessed…

S. Lagarrigue, L. Martin, F. Hormozdiari, P.F. Roux, A. van Nas, O. Demeure, A. Ghazalpour, E. Eskin, A.J. Lusis Abstract We report an analysis of allele-specific expression (ASE) and parent-of-origin expression in adult mouse liver using next generation sequencing (RNA-Seq) of reciprocal crosses of heterozygous F1 mice from the parental…

Biological materials RAW264.7, 293T and HeLa cells were obtained from ATCC. RAW264.7 cells with Tnf-mCherry reporter and relA-GFP fusion protein (RAW-G9 clone) were kindly provided by I.D.C. Fraser (National Institutes of Health). The IBA cell line derived from the stromal vascular fraction of interscapular brown adipose tissue of young male…

Animals and sample preparation Animal experiments were performed as previously described12. C57BL/6J WT mice or ob/ob mice at ten weeks of age were purchased from Japan SLC Inc. (Shizuoka, Japan). The phenotypic data of the mice are summarized in Table S1. Animal experiments were approved by the animal ethics committee…

Introduction Antimicrobials are the most important and useful therapeutic discovery in the history of medicine. It allows living beings to survive the microbial disease, enhances invasive surgical procedures, ensures animal health, and protects the food chain since 1928 after the discovery of penicillin. However, the indiscriminate use of antibiotics and…

Animal generation The Lrsam1C698R knock-in mice were generated on a C57Bl/6J background using the CRISPR/Cas9 technique. Briefly, single-cell zygotes from C57BL/6J mice were microinjected with mRNA encoding Cas9 and a guide sequence (5′-ACAGCAGCAGACGTGGCCAC-3′ at 20 ng/µl) to target the exon 26 of Lrsam1. A single stranded DNA oligo carrying the C698R mutation…

Byrne, C., Tainsky, M. & Fuchs, E. Programming gene expression in developing epidermis. Development 120, 2369–2383 (1994). CAS  PubMed  Article  Google Scholar  Pispa, J. & Thesleff, I. Mechanisms of ectodermal organogenesis. Dev. Biol. 262, 195–205 (2003). CAS  PubMed  Article  Google Scholar  Eckert, R. L., Crish, J. F. & Robinson, N….

Introduction Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common disease found in clinics, and requires urgent Hospital admission. The incidence of AP is increasing in recent years worldwide.1 The patients with AP increased from 1,727,789.3 to 2,814,972.3 between 1990 and 2019 in 204 countries and territories.2 Meanwhile, nearly 20% of AP patients…

Introduction Rotator cuff tear (RCT) is a common shoulder disorder causing shoulder pain and disability. The prevalence of full-thickness RCT is 20.7% in the general population, and increased with age.1 Rotator cuff play essential roles in shoulder function and the treatment of proximal humeral fractures.2,3 It is important to repair…

Significance The extracellular concentration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) reaches several hundred micromoles in the inflamed tissues or tumor environment. A high concentration of ATP activates P2X7, a purinergic receptor, and induces the formation of a nonselective cation channel, accompanied by reversible phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) exposure, leading to cell lysis. Here, we…

Fig. 1: H19 gene expression was derepressed on the paternally inherited inverted-ICR allele in fetal livers but not in placentas. a Breeding scheme. In order to distinguish parental origin of the alleles by using SNPs between inbred mouse strains, inverted-ICR heterozygous male mice (WT/INV; C57BL/6J [B6] background) were mated with…

Significance Interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral responses serve as the first line of the host innate immune defense against viral infection. Here we identify a previously uncharacterized protein designated phospholipase A2 inhibitor and LY6/PLAUR domain-containing protein (PINLYP), which is essential for embryonic development and plays an important role in type I IFN…

Fig. 1: LNP-mediated Luc-mRNA or CRISPR-Cas9 mRNA/sgRNA delivery into muscle tissue. a Schematic illustration of LNP-CRISPR. Either Luc mRNA or Cas9 mRNA/sgRNA is encapsulated into LNP that consists of TCL053, DPPC (Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine), PEG-DMG (Polyethylene glycol-dimyristoyl glycerol), and cholesterol. b Chemical structure of the newly synthesized ionizable lipid, TCL053. c Representative…

Introduction Invaded by exogenous or endogenous pathogens, the host immune system will be activated accordingly to resist harm and maintain homeostasis, which includes innate immunity and adaptive immunity. As the first line of host immune defense, innate immunity plays a critical role in recognizing extracellular and intracellular pathogens (1, 2)….

The micro ribonucleic acid (microRNA) [MiR-181a] is downregulated in the kidneys of rodents and patients suffering from high blood pressure (BP). The miR-181a is a posttranslational inhibitor of renin articulation in vitro, yet pleiotropic systems by which miR-181a may impact BP are unclear. Whether cancellation of miR-181a/b-1 in vivo changes…

Organoid culture of small intestinal cells and lentiviral transduction C57BL/6J mice and BALB/cAnu/nu immune-deficient nude mice were purchased from CLEA Japan (Tokyo, Japan). The small intestine was harvested from wild-type male C57BL/6J mice at 3–5 weeks of age (Additional file 1: Figure S9A). Crypts were purified and dissociated into single cells,…

Abstract We determined the nucleotide sequence of the growth hormone (Gh) gene in Mus minutoides, one of the smallest mammals, where was predicted to be distinct in the functional regions between M. minutoides and Mus musculus. To investigate the evolutionary characteristics of Gh in M. minutoides, we constructed a phylogenetic…

INTRODUCTION Genomic instability often refers to the existence of a variety of DNA alterations, ranging from single nucleotide changes (such as base substitution, deletion, and insertion) to chromosomal rearrangements (e.g., gain or loss of a segment or the whole chromosome) (1). Loss of genome stability can lead to early onset…