Tag: MTB

Diagnostic efficacy of mNGS in spinal infection patients

Introduction Spinal infection, an uncommon condition, was first recorded in 1779.1 When the intervertebral disk is infected, it is commonly referred to as spondylodiscitis,2 whereas infection of the vertebral body or endplates is more precisely termed vertebral osteomyelitis or spondylitis.3 The definitive diagnosis of spinal infection is often delayed by…

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Metagenomic next-gene sequencing for respiratory infections

Introduction Respiratory tract infections are common and occur frequently. Rapid and accurate microbial detection is essential for timely and appropriate treatment. Traditional microbial detection methods have some limitations such as dependence on morphology, long duration, low sensitivity, and high variability.1,2 Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is a new detection technology characterized…

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How bacteria inhibit gene expression

Bacteria adapt to environmental changes by regulating their metabolism. The best way to do this is to change the gene expression. Proteins called transcription factors take care of this job and help organisms respond to change. The transcription factor CarD is conserved among several bacterial lineages and reacts with other…

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Direct Detection of Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Sputum Samples from Tuberculosis Patients by High Resolution Melt Curve Analysis

WHO (2022) Global Tuberculosis Report. WHO (2022) WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis, Module 4: Treatment- Drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment: 2022 update. WHO (2020) Meeting report of the WHO expert consultation on the definition of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. Jabeen K, Shakoor S, Hasan R (2015) Fluoroquinolone-resistant tuberculosis: implications in settings with weak…

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Depletion of tRNA CCA-adding enzyme in Mycobacterium tuberculosis leads to polyadenylation of transcripts and precursor tRNAs

Rv3907c is the CCA-adding enzyme in Mycobacterium It remains unclear whether the rv3907c gene product, originally annotated as poly(A) polymerase, is in fact the CCA-adding enzyme in Mtb. Rv3907c is composed of three domains, an N-terminal class II polymerase β superfamily domain, a central RNA-binding domain and a C-terminal HD…

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The analysis of the genotype of Sapovirus outbreaks in Zhejiang Province | Virology Journal

Leblanc D, Inglis GD, Boras VF, Brassard J, Houde A. The prevalence of enteric RNA viruses in stools from diarrheic and non-diarrheic people in southwestern Alberta, Canada. Arch Virol. 2017;162(1):117–28. Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar  Becker-Dreps S, González F, Bucardo F. Sapovirus: an emerging cause of childhood diarrhea. Curr Opin…

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Clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes are linked to a limited set of taxa within gut microbiome worldwide

Murray, C. J. et al. Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis. Lancet 399, 629–655 (2022). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  Brito, I. L. et al. Mobile genes in the human microbiome are structured from global to individual scales. Nature 535, 435–439 (2016). Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed …

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Characteristics of Klebsiella pneumoniae co-infections

Introduction Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), is a prominent issue in the field of global public health, particularly in lower-middle-income-countries. Nearly two-thirds of global TB cases come from eight countries, including China.There are 780,000 new TB cases in China every year.1 TB is characterized by increased risk…

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Macrophages Curtail Tuberculosis | TS Digest

A lack of robust genetic tools has hindered experiments in human primary macrophages. Gutierrez’s team developed a novel human macrophage cell model to dissect the role that autophagy plays in curtailing Mycobacterium tuberculosis (false colored here in green). Tony Fearns Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and the human immune system have been at…

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BDQ resistance and molecular characterization of RR-TB

Enyu Tong,1,* Ying Zhou,1,* Zhengwei Liu,2 Yelei Zhu,2 Mingwu Zhang,2 Kunyang Wu,2 Junhang Pan,2 Jianmin Jiang1– 3 1School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311100, People’s Republic of China; 2Tuberculosis Control Department, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, 310051, People’s Republic of China; 3Key Laboratory of…

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Significant Pathogenic Nontuberculous Mycobacteria | IDR

Introduction The Mycobacterium genus encompasses various species, including the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, which is responsible for tuberculosis (TB) infections, Mycobacterium leprae, which associated with leprosy, and a group of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) species.1 The NTM species, also known as Mycobacteria other than tuberculosis (MOTT), can be widely found in the…

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NCT/DKFZ MASTER handbook of interpreting whole-genome, transcriptome, and methylome data for precision oncology

Patient characteristics and tissue context The clinical interpretation of molecular alterations starts with evaluating relevant patient characteristics and the tissue context in which a genetic profile occurs. The former relates, in particular, to previous therapies, in addition to disease stage and clinical performance status. For example, prior targeted therapies warrant…

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis Sub Lineage 4.2.2/SIT149 as DR

Introduction Antimicrobial resistance is a hidden global pandemic that shattered over 4.9 million people in 2019 alone, and the burden is highest, mainly in low-resource settings.1 Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) complex (MTBC), which is resistant to one or more anti-TB drugs, is a leading global public…

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A new method for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis based on the CRISPR/Cas system | BMC Infectious Diseases

Expression and purification of Cas12a protein The pMBP-LbCas12a recombinant plasmid used in this study was purchased from Addgene Global Plasmid Information Sharing Platform (Plasmid#113,431) and was 9653 bp in size. The recombinant plasmid was transformed into DH5α competent state and cultured at 37℃ for 6 h. IPTG was added at a final…

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Distribution tendencies of pathogens causing LRTI

Introduction Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide.1 Several well-known pathogens, including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Candida, Herpesvirus, and others, have been identified as significant causes of infection.2 Nonetheless, nearly half of the cases still have an undetermined etiology,3,4 despite the…

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The Clinical Impact of mNGS for the Diagnosis of PJI

Introduction The total number of periprosthetic joint infection cases is increasing with the surging numbers of joint arthroplasties, internal fixation implantation and the use of immunosuppressive agents.1,2 Unfortunately, the identification of corresponding pathogens remains time-consuming and challenging because of inert bacteria, biofilm formation and prior antibiotic administration.3–8 Metagenomic next-generation sequencing…

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Two SA universities unveil astounding results of pre-clinical trials for TB vaccine

The North West and Walter Sisulu universities hope to take a significant step foward in the unrelenting battle against tuberculosis. They unveiled the astounding results of their pre-clinical trials for a groundbreaking combination DNA vaccine against TB and Covid-19. The animal model trials were completed a month ago, with results…

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North West, Walter Sisulu Universities make strides in the battle against TB

North West and Walter Sisulu Universities are making significant strides in the battle against tuberculosis. The two Institutions of Higher Learning unveiled the results of their pre-clinical trials for a groundbreaking combination DNA vaccine against tuberculosis and COVID-19. A month ago, the animal model trials were completed, with positive outcoming…

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Mbedtls Include – Infineon Developer Community

Hi,  I am trying to include mbedtls library for an example project called “Cryptography_AES_Demonstration” (Available in MTB Examples).  But when I try to build the project  make[1]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs….bsps/TARGET_APP_CYSBSYSKIT-DEV-01/config/GeneratedSource/cycfg_system.c:117:28: error: initializer element is not constant117 | .enableOutputDiv = true,| ^~~~bsps/TARGET_APP_CYSBSYSKIT-DEV-01/config/GeneratedSource/cycfg_system.c:117:28: note: (near initialization for ‘srss_0_clock_0_fll_0_fllConfig.enableOutputDiv’)bsps/TARGET_APP_CYSBSYSKIT-DEV-01/config/GeneratedSource/cycfg_system.c:170:19: error: initializer…

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Detecting drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Introduction According to the World Health Organization report 2022, the incidence rate of tuberculosis in China is 7.4%, with a year-on-year increase of 1.6%. China ranks third globally in terms of tuberculosis cases, with the top three countries being developing nations.1 It is worth noting that the tuberculosis mortality rate…

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Clinical efficiency of mNGS in sputum for pathogen detection

Introduction Lower respiratory infections (LRIs) are the world’s most deadly communicable disease and ranks fourth as the primary cause of death globally according to the World Health Organization (WHO) 2019 report.1,2 LRIs include hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), bronchiolitis, bronchitis, and tracheitis.3,4 Immunocompromised patients have a higher risk of…

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Analysis of drug-resistance characteristics of MDR-TB

Introduction Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), continues to pose a significant global public health challenge.1–3 In 2021, there were 10.6 million new TB cases worldwide, with China accounting for 780,000 cases, making it the third highest burden country for TB globally.4 The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that…

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Mycobacterial DNA-binding protein 1 is critical for BCG survival in stressful environments and simultaneously regulates gene expression

Koul, A. et al. Delayed bactericidal response of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to bedaquiline involves remodelling of bacterial metabolism. Nat. Commun. doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4369 (2014). Article  PubMed  Google Scholar  Global Tuberculosis Report 2021. www.who.int/publications/digital/global-tuberculosis-report-2021. Colditz, G. A. et al. Efficacy of BCG vaccine in the prevention of tuberculosis: Meta-analysis of the published literature. JAMA…

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How to Add Mutations to the sequence

How to Add Mutations to the sequence 1 I have list of BDQ resistance mutations and I want to add those into the genome of MTB sequence or resistance gene. some are nucleotide mutations some are protein I am not really sure how to add them and make a BDQ…

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Whole genome sequencing of drug resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis from extra-pulmonary sites

Introduction Tuberculosis is a threat to human health caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that affected lung and other extra-pulmonary sites. There was an estimated 10.0 million people fell ill with TB, 1.2 million TB deaths among HIV-negative people, and an additional 251,000 deaths among HIV-positive people in 2018 (World Health Organization,…

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Clinical Evaluation of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing and Iden

Introduction Infection is one of the major causes of death in patients with acute and critical illnesses. Especially, lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are the most common infectious diseases worldwide, with a high mortality rate.1,2 As estimated, there are about 10 million new cases of LRTIs in China each year.3,4…

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Whole genomic analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Introduction Tuberculosis (TB), caused by etiological Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), remains a public health worldwide and the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent until the COVID-19 pandemic.1 Previous studies revealed that M. tuberculosis originated in Africa and spread with human migration worldwide, it developed to a contemporary phylogeny…

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Development of peptide nucleic acid-based bead array technology for Bacillus cereus detection

Zhang, Z. et al. Detection of viable enterotoxin-producing Bacillus cereus and analysis of toxigenicity from ready-to-eat foods and infant formula milk powder by multiplex PCR. J. Dairy Sci. 99, 1047–1055 (2016). Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar  Rahnama, H., Azari, R., Hashem, M. & Berizi, E. A systematic review and meta-analysis…

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Antibiotics | Free Full-Text | Whole-Genome Sequencing to Predict Mycobacterium tuberculosis Drug Resistance: A Retrospective Observational Study in Eastern China

1. Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). According to the “Global Tuberculosis Report” published by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2022, 10.6 million new cases of TB worldwide were estimated in 2021, and 1.4 million people died from the disease. That year, 3.6%…

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv0494 protein | IDR

Introduction Persisters are assumed to be defined as non-replicating or slow-growing bacteria that are not killed by antibiotics, which can return to a growth state upon removal of antibiotics, and are sensitive to the same antibiotics.1 Persisters play an important role in medicine pose a major challenge to the treatment…

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ResR/McdR-regulated protein translation machinery contributes to drug resilience in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Bacterial strains and culture conditions Escherichia coli strain DH5α (Thermo Fisher) was used for the propagation of plasmids, whereas E. coli BL21 DE3 (Novagen) was used for the expression and purification of ResR/McdR protein. Mtb Erdman was obtained from Dr. Ramandeep Singh at THSTI, India, and Mtb H37Rv mc2 790242…

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Rapid detection of fluoroquinolone resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis using a novel multienzyme isothermal rapid assay

Global tuberculosis report 2022. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2022. licence: cc bY-Nc-sa 3.0 iGo. WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis. Module 4: treatment – drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. Chien JY, Chiu WY, Chien ST, Chiang CJ, Yu CJ, Hsueh PR. Mutations in…

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Drug resistance-associated mutations of M.TB

Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most common causes of death and the leading cause of a single infectious agent.1 According to the 2022 Global TB Report of the World Health Organization (WHO), 10.6 million people were infected with TB in 2021, and although the annual number of deaths…

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targeted care and a lot of research

31 The anticancer therapies today allow you to make the cancer a treatable disease. In most cases the treatment is a combination of classic therapies, such as radio and chemo, and more modern therapies resulting from years of research. The novelty in the medical field is precisely the search for…

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Diagnostic performance of mNGS in identification of NTMPD

Introduction Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is a collective name given to a group of more than 190 species of Mycobacterium other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae.1 NTM are labeled as environmental mycobacteria as they are widely distributed in the environment, such as in soil, marshland, streams, rivers, estuaries, dust, domestic…

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What is Urinary Tract Tuberculosis?

IntroductionThe problemClinical presentationTypes of Urinary TBComplicationsDiagnosis Management References Further Reading ​​​​​​​​​​​​​​Introduction Urinary tract tuberculosis is usually caused by the bacilli spread through the bloodstream from chronic latent pulmonary tuberculosis. In many cases, the condition’s occurrence goes unrecognized, mistaken for those coincident symptomatic urinary tract infections (UTIs) by other microbes. Tuberculosis (TB) is the…

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Pebble | Vulnerability explanation pop-up

Pebble | Vulnerability explanation pop-up CRISPRi fitness profiling to quantify vulnerability The Mtb and Msmeg CRISPRi libraries were constructed by cloning an sgRNA oligo array into an anhydrotetracycline (ATc)-inducible Sth1dCas9 vector. The libraries were designed to target all possible Mtb or Msmeg genes with sgRNAs of varying predicted knockdown efficiencies…

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Value of mNGS for rapid diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis

Introduction Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection in humans leading to tuberculosis (TB), which is an ancient infectious disease that threatens public health.1 TB can be categorized as extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) or pulmonary TB according to the status of MTB infection in the lungs.2 Notably, EPTB is the collective term for all…

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Soniazid and ethionamide in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Introduction Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and caused 1.6 million deaths and 10.6 million new cases in 2021.1 Despite decades of efforts to adopt measures to control TB, achieving the goal of ending TB has been delayed due to a…

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Prevalence of BRCA homopolymeric indels in an ION Torrent-based tumour-to-germline testing workflow in high-grade ovarian carcinoma

Patients cohort Among consecutive patients who underwent BRCA tumour testing through ION Torrent-based sequencing between August 2017 and February 2022, we retrospectively selected 222 high-grade ovarian cancer (HGOC) patients with the following histological subtypes: 203 serous (HGSOC), seven endometrioid, five clear-cell and seven with mixed histotypes. Since NGS BRCA1/2 tumour…

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Scientists identify mutations in DNA for early diagnosis of drug resistant bacteria for TB

Health care workers conducting a TB control awareness rally in Vijayawada. File | Photo Credit: K.V.S Giri Tuberculosis (TB) is a treatable disease, but drug resistance is now a major public health concern exacerbated by the emergence of multi and extensively drug-resistant TB. India has the highest burden of Multi-Drug…

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Nontuberculous mycobacteria and MAB_0540 mutations

Introduction Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), a mycobacterium other than the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) and M. leprae, are conditional pathogens widely found in the environment.1 Studies have shown that the probability of NTM transmission is extremely low, and exposure comes primarily from the environment, soil, water, etc.1 In recent years, lung…

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Towel Market Scope, Current Trend, Growth Prediction and Forecast Report Till 2029

PRESS RELEASE Published April 26, 2023 Towel Market Size is projected to Reach Multimillion USD by 2029, In comparison to 2022, at unexpected CAGR during the forecast Period 2023-2029. Updated Report with [122] pages. The Readers in the section will understand how the Towel market scenario changed across the globe…

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POTENTIAL FOR ACTIPHAGE TO PROVIDE ‘TEST OF CURE’ FOR NEW TB DRUGS

POTENTIAL FOR ACTIPHAGE TO PROVIDE ‘TEST OF CURE’ FOR NEW TB DRUGS   Tuberculosis is on the rise and increasing resistance to the two most potent first-line TB drugs – Isoniazid and Rifampin – is reducing the arsenal of therapeutics. There is a need for better diagnostic tests to accurately…

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Is whole genome sequencing the gold standard for TB testing?, ET HealthWorld

By Ritika Sakhuja New Delhi: Tuberculosis, a bacterium infection that affects the lungs is a major public health problem in India, with an estimated 21.4 lakhs TB cases reported in 2021, 18 per cent higher than in 2020, as per the World Health Organisation (WHO). However, pulmonary TB (PTB), a…

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Current role of application of Whole genome sequencing by NGS technology in drug resistant TB diagnosis and management, Health News, ET HealthWorld

By Dr Niranjan Patil New Delhi: Each DNA strand is made of 4 chemical units called nucleotide bases which compromise the GENETIC ALPHABET. These bases are Adenine(A), Guanine (G), Cytosine(C), and Thymine(T). The sequence/order of As, Gs, Cs, and Ts determines the meaning of the information encoded (also called as…

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Development and clinical evaluation of a CRISPR/Cas13a-based diagnostic test to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis in clinical specimens

Introduction Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) complex, remains one of the leading infectious causes of death worldwide, with an estimated 1.6 million TB deaths in 2021 (World Health Organization, 2022). Rapid and accurate TB diagnosis is critical to ensure timely initiation of anti-TB therapy (Walzl et al., 2018)….

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Multi-pathogenic pneumonia in HIV-infected patients

Introduction Pulmonary infection is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients.1 The pathogens spectrum of pneumonia that can affect patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is wide, such as bacterial, fungal, viral, parasitic organisms, and so on.2–4 Compared to patients with monomicrobial pulmonary infection, the clinical…

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Targeting extracellular and juxtamembrane FGFR2 mutations in chemotherapy-refractory cholangiocarcinoma

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) has emerged as a promising candidate for precision medicine, especially in the case of activating FGFR2 gene fusions. In addition to fusions, a considerable fraction of iCCA patients reveals FGFR2 mutations, which might lead to uncontrolled activation of the FGFR2 pathway but are mostly of unknown functional…

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La Jolla Institute for Immunology hiring Bioinformatics Postdoc – Systems Immunology of Infectious Diseases in San Diego, California, United States

The Peters Lab at the La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI) is looking for a bioinformatics postdoc to join our efforts in profiling immune system responses to a variety of infectious agents, such as M. tuberculosis and B. Pertussis, as well as various cancers. Qualified applicants will have the opportunity…

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Frontiers | The cGAS-STING Pathway: A Promising Immunotherapy Target

Introduction Invaded by exogenous or endogenous pathogens, the host immune system will be activated accordingly to resist harm and maintain homeostasis, which includes innate immunity and adaptive immunity. As the first line of host immune defense, innate immunity plays a critical role in recognizing extracellular and intracellular pathogens (1, 2)….

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Multiform antimicrobial resistance from a metabolic mutation

Abstract A critical challenge for microbiology and medicine is how to cure infections by bacteria that survive antibiotic treatment by persistence or tolerance. Seeking mechanisms behind such high survival, we developed a forward-genetic method for efficient isolation of high-survival mutants in any culturable bacterial species. We found that perturbation of…

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